Machine for breaking and cleaning hemp



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. BRESLIN. MACHINE FOR BREAKING ANDGLEANING HEMP.

Patented June 28, "1892 0 w illil ||ll ill u. l i! J r 1|! L. iii]. 5 jww we W we a a 0 p M a waa (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet J. BRESLIN.MACHINE FOR BREAKING AND CLEANING HEMP.

No. 477,794. Patented June 28, 1892.

. UNITED STATES PATENT OF ICE.

JOSEPH IBRESLIN;

on NEWPORT, KENTUCKY, ASSIGNOR To -1-iE'NRY s. LIVINGSTON, OFCINCINNATI, OHIO.

MACHINE FOR BREA'IK'INGJZAND CLEANING-HEMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 477,794, dated June 28,1892.

Application filed $eptemher 30, 189l- I erial No. 407,250. (No model.)

.To aZZ whom it may concerns Be it known that I, JOSEPH BREsLIN,a oitizen of the United States, and ajresident of lar fibrous stalks; and itconsists in mecha'n:

ism for feeding the stalks: forward without crushing them, breaking thewoody matter in short pieces, and removing the hurds from the fiber. V I

The invention will be first fully described in connection with theaccompanying drawings, and then particularly referred to and pointed outin-the claims.

I Referring to the drawings, in which like parts are indicated bysimilar reference-letters wherever they occur throughout the va- 1 riousviews, Figure 1 is an end elevation of through 1111mm, Fig. 2. Fig. 4 isadetail viewin frontelevation of the feed-rollsand beara machineembodying my improvements. Fig.2 1S atop or plan view of the same. Fig-3 is a vertical longitudinal section taken ing for the break-arm. V

The framewhich supports the working parts consists of two cast-iron sidepieces A,

suitably braced the proper distance apart and securely bolted uponbase-timbers A. v

. In the drawings I have shown-the forward part ofthe frame madeseparate from the "main frame in the form of two. brackets A which aresecuredto the mainframe, as shown in Fig.1; but this is not material, astheside' pieces 1 and the frame may be molded .in a single piece.

In the forwardend of brackets A are jour V naled the feed-rolls B B, theupper one of which E is fitted to slide in a slotted hearing,

so that it will bear on the material with yielding pressure, and is heldinplace by springs '12, which are compressed between the slidingbearings of the roll and the caps on top.

0 are break-arms having outwardly-projectinglugs cto receive stud-boltsc, by which are bent first at right anglesto the bars and then at aright angle to the end'bendsto passover flanges a, which: projectinwardfrom the brackets A These flanges, arealso slotted to receivebolts, which pass through these i 7' D and D are fixed bars, the endsofwhiclr slots and the ends of the bars D D to secure 7 the bars inplace and permit of their adj ust- I men't nearer to or farther fromeach other toy suit'the different'kindsof material that may betreated'bythe machine. aThebreakvbar's C, which are secured in" thevibrating arms 0, vibrate between the upper and lower-fixed bars D D,the break -arms being actuated by pitmen E, which are 'journaled uponthe crank-pins which project, fromdisks e, which are keyed upon atransverse shafte. Upon :the same shaft outside of the frame-work issecured a'sprocket-wheel 6 by which the I shaft is driven. e arebracketsorstandard's, which project up from the flanges a, and e are coiledsprings stretched between the upper ends of the said brackets e and thejournal-pins, upon which the upperends, of the pitmejn E 'are pivoted,the object of these j springs being to cushionthe vibrating break armsand. prevent jarjwhenlthe machine is in operation.

The front of the frame: provided with a ,feed apron or board F, uponwhich the stalks are placed to be. introduced to the feed-rolls D D, andF is an inclined board, the lower edge Of'WhlCh is near the periphery ofthe feed roll B to prevent anyo f the stalks passing over, thefeed-roll. Q i v ,f

In therear ofthe breakers'arc arranged two beating-cylinders G G, whichare alike in construction and size and geared together to reing thefiber of much of the hurds.

upon their extended ends, and upon the 'opposite'end of the lowercorrugated roll is secured a sprocket-wheel-h to receiveasprocket-chain,which passes over a wheel 6 secured upon the main shaft 9 Upon thisshaft are also secured a belt-pulley g, the beater-cylinder G, and thesprocket-wheel g, which drives the feed-rolls by means of a chain 9which passes over the sprocket-wheel 1') upon the shaft of the lowerfeed roll B. The.vi-

over sprocket-wheels 9 6 the wheel 9 being secured upon the shaft of thelower, beatercylinder G.

The operation of the machine is as follows: The material to be treatedis placed upon the apron F, pressed into the bite of the feedrolls B B,by which it is carried between the beater-bars c of the vibratingbeater, which carries it up and down in contact with the stationarybars, breaking the stalks andfreepasses forward, the leading end iscaught and acted'upon by the beater-bars in the upper cylinder G, overwhich it is carried. The leading end is then caught and passed betweenthe corrugated rolls H, and as soon as the 0pposite end has become freefrom the feedingrolls it is caught by the heaters in the uppercylinder,carried around rapidly, and switched between the beater-bars ofthe upper, and lower cylinders G G, thus cleaning the tail, as well asthe leading end, of the fiber. In practice the apronis supplied with asufficient amount of material, and this amount is allowed to pass thefeeding-rolls before a fresh supply is introduced between them. It willbe noticed that the inner bars of the vibrating breaker-frameiare inclose proximity to the revolving heaters and that the stock passing overthe bars of the upper beater-frame will be switched back and forthbythese inner bars of the breaker until the tail end is released fromthefeed-rolls and breaker.

.None of the machines heretofore constructed and used for breaking andcleaning hemp has, so far as Iain aware, produced-a clean fiber equal inmarket value to the fiber obtained from cleaning by the commonhand-brake.

It is also a fact that in all previous machines there is a great amountof waste of poor stock prodnce'in the form of tow. The reason of this isthat none of the machines treat the material in the same orsubstantially the As it rapidly revolving against the broken stalks ;inmy'machine, while in the hand-cleaning ary cleaner bars or rods.

In order to adapt the machine to treat difand movable breaker-bars aremade adjust- 5 able, so as to enlarge or diminish a space between them,and provision is also made to flvary "the stroke of the Vibratingbreakerframe. The means by which the latter result a series of holes,varying radially from the I have shown and described whatl believe to bethe simplest form. of machine embodyf ing my invention; but I would haveit under- I stood that I do not limit myself to the precise details ofconstruction shown, as these may be varied by any one skilled in the artto which my invention relates,after an examination of ay drawings andspecification, without deipartingfrom the spirit or scope of myinvention.

i WVhat I claim isr 1.. In a machine for breaking and'cleaning ihemp,the combination of the feed-rolls, two i series of fixed break-barsarrangedv one above ithe other back of said feedrolls, a vibrating framecarrying an upper and lower series of wreak-bars arranged to alternatelypass the upper and lower fixed bars, revolving beateri bars in the rearof the vibrating brake-to free the stalk from hurds, and corrugateddelivery- 3 rolls to hold the leading end of the stalk while =the tailend is acted on by the heaters and istantially as shown and described.

2. .The combination, substantially as specitied, of the'iframe, thefeed-rollsB B, mounted in the front thereof, the fixed brake-bars D Dback of said rolls, the beatingcylinders G G, armed with beater-bars g,geared together and imounted in the frame back of the brake, thecorrugated rolls H H, mounted in the frame i 'back of the revolvingheaters, and gearing ieonnecting the operative parts to cause them tomove together, for the purpose specified.

3. The combination of theframe, the feedroll B, mounted in fixedbearings, and separable feed-roll B, the adjustable breakers D D, thevibrating breaker-arm C, the adjustable e, and wrist-pins connectingbreaker-arms and disks, the beater-cylinders G G, armed with beater-barsg, geared to revolve together, the jcorrugated rolls H, thesprocket-wheels, and

driving chains and pulley for imparting moferent kinds of fibrousstalks, the stationary lis accomplished is by piercing the disk withdeliver the clean-stalk from the machine,,sub-' ibreakersO securedtherein itmen-E disks 7 i 3 same manner as it is treated on the commonprocess the stock is switched against stationaxes of the shaft, asclearly shown in Fig. l. brating beater is driven by a chain passingtion to-the parts, substantially as shown and described. V

4. The combination, in a machine for break ing and cleaning hemp, of theapron, separa- 5 ble feedaolls, fixed and vibrating breakers back of thefeed-rolls, two revolving beatercylinders arranged one above theeotherand geared together to revolve in opposite direce tions;the saidcylinder composed of heads g;

connected together by'rods g, and delivery-Io

